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Dear longranger25,
I'm happy to respond. I don't know the source of this question, but I don't have the highest opinion of this question. It is not very GMAT-like. Here are some better BF Structure CR questions to practice:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2013/gmat-crit ... questions/

For this question:
BF sentence #1 = something purely factual, i.e. evidence; this evidence supports the conclusion
BF sentence #2 = the conclusion, which logically follows from the information given

The first part of (A) looks good, because the first BF sentence is evidence, but the strange word "only" makes this choice completely illogical. If (A) had said:
The first is the part of evidence that the argument includes, the second is the argument's conclusion.
That would have been 100% correct, and very GMAT like. Sabotaging the answer with the word "only" is a sneaky trick that is particularly un-GMAT-like.

The language in (B) & (C) is odd: the GMAT CR BF Structure questions typically do not use the word "premise." I suspect this sentence was written by someone who knew a lot about formal logic but not a lot about the GMAT. Choice (E) is wrong simply because the conclusion logical follows from the rest of the argument.

The language in (D) is simply atrocious: is this what the source considers the OA? The language "fact that must be true"---what does that mean? Some Deity has proclaimed that it must be true? That language is too extreme. Also, the second BF sentence is simply the conclusion, not an inference in the GMAT-sense of the word. If the writer of this question intended this to be the OA, then that writer knew absolutely nothing about the GMAT.

In some web searches of the text of this question, I found it listed with other OAs, and I also found the same prompt with very different answer choices. It appears that originally, this was an LSAT question that some company semi-plagiarized and re-cast as a GMAT CR. The very best thing you could do for your GMAT preparation is to blot this question out of your mind.

My friend, there are many companies in the GMAT prep market, and not all are of the same quality. Don't naively believe that a CR or SC or RC questions adheres to the high standards of the GMAT just because some company out there has the audacity to call it a GMAT practice question. Caveat emptor. The official GMAT questions are superb. Questions from MGMAT tend to be of very high quality, and I have been very impressed with many of the Veritas questions I have seen. Of course, I think Magoosh also has very good questions, but because I work for them, you may well question whether I am biased. I would say: read the reviews. Ask around. Notice what folks say in their testimonials. Trust the sources about which people rave consistently. Don't be naive about accepting anything as a worthwhile question. Low quality material will not prepare you for the GMAT.

Does all this make sense?
Mike