Alexander Calder was one of the most innovative and original American

RC # 11 Long passage: {12 mins 4/4 correct}

Paraphrasing:
Para 1: Introduction to Alexander Calder, his enthusiasm in science field experiments of movement of objects by wire sculptures, attracted renowned artists to his projects/experiments.
Para 2:
Calder Creative experiments/ projects and their creativity
1. Object with Red Discs (1933) - this new creation, the idea of the mobile was born
2. Constellations (1943) - explored the plastic possibilities of mobiles
3. Acoustic Ceiling (1954) - the experience of finding new skies filled with moving and coloured constellations
4. Le Bougnat (1959) and The Pagoda (1963) - humour was Involved in above kind same projects or work
5. La Vache and Elephant (both 1970) – creating cut fantastic animals from sheet metal
6. Nervous Wreck (1976) - mobile entitled the red skeleton of a fish.
Para 3: Calder defined and redefined work have established him as the most innovative sculptor of the twentieth century.

1. According to the passage, which of the following is an accurate statement about Object with Red Discs?
Explanation: as mentioned in Para 2: “In 1933, Calder completed Object with Red Discs, a sculpture he described as a two-meter rod with a heavy sphere, suspended from the apex of a wire, giving it a cantilever effect. It had five thin aluminum discs projected at right angles from five wires, held in position by a spherical counterweight. With this new creation, the idea of the mobile was born”
A. It was the first mobile created by Calder - Correct
B. It was one of the many mobiles without motors created by Calder - Wrong
C. It was one of the many motorized mobiles created by Calder - Wrong
D. It was the first motorized mobile created by Calder - Wrong
E. It was the first of the many mobiles without motors created by Calder - Wrong


2. According to the passage, all of the following are characteristic of Calder’s work EXCEPT
A. Calder was known to infuse humor into some of his creation
Mentioned - Le Bougnat (1959) and The Pagoda (1963) - humour was Involved in above kind same projects or work

B. Calder suspended objects from each other
Mentioned - Calder eventually becoming interested in the movement of objects

C. Calder motorized some of his creations
Mentioned
1. Object with Red Discs (1933) - this new creation, the idea of the mobile was born
2. Constellations (1943) - explored the plastic possibilities of mobiles

D. Calder used materials such as metal, cloth, wood, rubber, cork
Mentioned
- Calder arrived in Paris in 1926 and devoted himself to a innovative project comprised of animals made out of wire, scraps of cloth, wood, cork, labels, bits of scrap metal and pieces of rubber that he called the Circus.

E. Calder suspended glass from thin metal wires to create a cantilever effect
Not mentioned


3. The author’s attitude toward the mobiles of Alexander Calder is best described as
A. Hesitance - State of being unsure - Wrong
B. Detachment - the state of being objective - Wrong
C. Amusement - the state or experience of finding something funny - Wrong
D. Admiration – Respected - Correct
E. Indifference – lack if interest - Wrong


4. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following statement was true of the Parisian art scene?
Explanation: as mentioned in passage, para 1, last line “Encouragement from the upper echelons of the Parisian art scene undoubtedly led him to try more serious experiments in wire sculptures” stating upper echelons such as Fernand Leger and Joan Miro, who were already successful in art field, inspired Alexander Calder to do more creative experiments, experiments which made Calder successful

A. The work of Fernand Leger and Joan Miro was influenced by that of Alexander Calder
- Wrong No it’s the other way around of the scenario

B. The work of Alexander Calder was influenced by that of Fernand Leger and Joan Miro
- Wrong this information is correct, but one only get influence, if their work is apricated by one

C. Fernand Leger and Joan Miro had earned success in the art world before Alexander Calder.
Correct: as mentioned in the passage, para 1, IInd last line “By 1930, Calder's Circus had developed into one of the real successes of the Montparnasse art world attracting the attention of such renowned artists as Fernand Leger and Joan Miro”

D. Alexander Calder had earned success in the art world before Fernand Leger and Joan Miro
- Wrong No it’s the other way around of the scenario

E. Calder’s Circus earned more accolades from the upper echelons of the Parisian art scene than any other work in its time
- WrongCalder Circus appreciated, made Calder come in the eyes of upper echelons, and encouraged him to pursue more such improved experiments, which were later more appreciated.